聚合·有序·专业·赋能
物流术语
一、运输方式 (Transportation Modes)
       FTL (Full Truckload):整车运输
       LTL (Less Than Truckload):零担运输
       FCL (Full Container Load):整箱运输
       LCL (Less than Container Load):拼箱运输
       Intermodal:多式联运
       Air Freight:空运
       Ocean Freight:海运
       Rail Transport:铁路运输
       Cross-docking:越库运输(货物直接换装)
二、仓储相关 (Warehousing)
       WMS (Warehouse Management System):仓库管理系统
       Inventory:库存
       Picking:拣货
       Packing:包装
       Sorting:分拣
       Storage:存储
       Cycle Counting:循环盘点
       FIFO (First In, First Out):先进先出
       LIFO (Last In, First Out):后进先出
三、包装与装卸 (Packaging & Handling)
       Pallet:托盘
       Carton:纸箱
       Crate:木箱
       Bulk Cargo:散货
       Loading/Unloading:装货/卸货
       Material Handling:物料搬运
四、单证与贸易 (Documentation & Trade)
       Bill of Lading (B/L):提单
       Air Waybill (AWB):空运单
       Commercial Invoice:商业发票
       Packing List:装箱单
       Certificate of Origin:原产地证明
       Customs Clearance:清关
       Incoterms:国际贸易术语
       EXW (Ex Works):工厂交货
       FOB (Free On Board):离岸价
       CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight):到岸价
       DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):完税后交货
五、供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)
       Supply Chain:供应链
       Procurement:采购
       Distribution:分销
       Last-mile Delivery:最后一公里配送
       Reverse Logistics:逆向物流(退货/回收)
       Lead Time:前置时间(从下单到收货)
       3PL (Third-Party Logistics):第三方物流
       4PL (Fourth-Party Logistics):第四方物流
六、运输状态与跟踪 (Shipment Status & Tracking)
       In Transit:运输中
       Delivered:已送达
       Pending:待处理
       ETD (Estimated Time of Departure):预计离港时间
       ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival):预计到达时间
       Tracking Number:追踪单号
七、费用与成本 (Costs & Charges)
       Freight Charges:运费
       Storage Fees:仓储费
       Handling Charges:操作费
       Customs Duties:关税
       Insurance Premium:保险费
       Fuel Surcharge:燃油附加费
八、关键绩效指标 (KPIs - Key Performance Indicators)
       On-time Delivery Rate:准时交付率
       Order Accuracy:订单准确率
       Inventory Turnover:库存周转率
       Damage Rate:货损率
九、技术相关 (Technology)
       RFID (Radio Frequency Identification):射频识别技术
       GPS Tracking:全球定位系统跟踪
       IoT (Internet of Things):物联网
       Blockchain in Logistics:物流区块链
十、实用缩写总结:
       SCM – Supply Chain Management 供应链管理
       SKU – Stock Keeping Unit 库存单位
       POD – Proof of Delivery 交付凭证
       COD – Cash on Delivery 货到付款
       VMI – Vendor Managed Inventory 供应商管理库存