一、运输方式 (Transportation Modes)
FTL (Full Truckload):整车运输
LTL (Less Than Truckload):零担运输
FCL (Full Container Load):整箱运输
LCL (Less than Container Load):拼箱运输
Intermodal:多式联运
Air Freight:空运
Ocean Freight:海运
Rail Transport:铁路运输
Cross-docking:越库运输(货物直接换装)
二、仓储相关 (Warehousing)
WMS (Warehouse Management System):仓库管理系统
Inventory:库存
Picking:拣货
Packing:包装
Sorting:分拣
Storage:存储
Cycle Counting:循环盘点
FIFO (First In, First Out):先进先出
LIFO (Last In, First Out):后进先出
三、包装与装卸 (Packaging & Handling)
Pallet:托盘
Carton:纸箱
Crate:木箱
Bulk Cargo:散货
Loading/Unloading:装货/卸货
Material Handling:物料搬运
四、单证与贸易 (Documentation & Trade)
Bill of Lading (B/L):提单
Air Waybill (AWB):空运单
Commercial Invoice:商业发票
Packing List:装箱单
Certificate of Origin:原产地证明
Customs Clearance:清关
Incoterms:国际贸易术语
EXW (Ex Works):工厂交货
FOB (Free On Board):离岸价
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight):到岸价
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):完税后交货
五、供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)
Supply Chain:供应链
Procurement:采购
Distribution:分销
Last-mile Delivery:最后一公里配送
Reverse Logistics:逆向物流(退货/回收)
Lead Time:前置时间(从下单到收货)
3PL (Third-Party Logistics):第三方物流
4PL (Fourth-Party Logistics):第四方物流
六、运输状态与跟踪 (Shipment Status & Tracking)
In Transit:运输中
Delivered:已送达
Pending:待处理
ETD (Estimated Time of Departure):预计离港时间
ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival):预计到达时间
Tracking Number:追踪单号
七、费用与成本 (Costs & Charges)
Freight Charges:运费
Storage Fees:仓储费
Handling Charges:操作费
Customs Duties:关税
Insurance Premium:保险费
Fuel Surcharge:燃油附加费
八、关键绩效指标 (KPIs - Key Performance Indicators)
On-time Delivery Rate:准时交付率
Order Accuracy:订单准确率
Inventory Turnover:库存周转率
Damage Rate:货损率
九、技术相关 (Technology)
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification):射频识别技术
GPS Tracking:全球定位系统跟踪
IoT (Internet of Things):物联网
Blockchain in Logistics:物流区块链
十、实用缩写总结:
SCM – Supply Chain Management 供应链管理
SKU – Stock Keeping Unit 库存单位
POD – Proof of Delivery 交付凭证
COD – Cash on Delivery 货到付款
VMI – Vendor Managed Inventory 供应商管理库存